Why is My Cat Sneezing? Common Causes Every Cat Parent Should Know

It is not unusual to catch your cat sneezing now and then, just like us - they might react to a tickle in the nose or a bit of dust. While occasional sneezing is not a cause for alarm, repeated episodes or other symptoms could signal something more. From harmless irritants to more serious issues like infections or dental trouble, there could be several reasons behind a cat sneezing.

Understanding what is normal and what is not can help you take better care of your cat’s health. Read this blog to learn the common causes, which will help you figure out what is normal, what is not, and when to take action.

Occasional Sneezing vs Frequent Sneezing

Occasional cat sneezing is common and can happen even in healthy cats. But if the sneezing becomes frequent, persistent, or is paired with other symptoms like nasal discharge, watery eyes, or changes in behaviour, it might signal an underlying issue.

In such cases, it is best not to ignore it. Frequent sneezing could point to allergies, respiratory infections, or dental problems that need attention from a vet. Understanding the difference helps you act at the right time.

Common Causes of Sneezing in Cats

Sneezing in cats can stem from many different sources, ranging from harmless irritants to health conditions that may need medical care. Knowing what might be behind those sneezes can help you respond accurately and appropriately.

Environmental Irritants

Cats are sensitive to strong smells and airborne particles. Everyday items like dust, smoke, cigarettes, scented candles, air fresheners, or even household cleaning sprays can trigger sneezing. Poor indoor ventilation or high levels of indoor pollutants may worsen this. Keeping their living space clean and free from overpowering odours can make a huge difference.

Upper Respiratory Infections (URI)

Viral infections are among cats’ most common causes of sneezing, especially in shelters or multi-cat homes. Feline herpesvirus and calicivirus are frequent culprits. Sneezing often comes with watery eyes, reduced appetite, nasal discharge, or lethargy. While some cases clear up with time, severe or prolonged symptoms need veterinary attention.

Allergies

Just like humans, cats can also react to allergens present in the environment, like pollen, dust mites, or mould spores. It typically does not come with fever or appetite loss, but it can still make your cat uncomfortable. Connect with a vet to identify the specific triggers.

Dental Issues

Oral problems can sometimes lead to sneezing, especially if the root of an infected tooth is close to the nasal cavity. A tooth root abscess, for example, can result in nasal discharge or frequent sneezing due to sinus irritation. This is why regular dental check-ups are important, not just for teeth but also for sinus health.

Foreign Objects

A blade of grass, a tiny piece of debris, or a seed can easily lodge in your cat’s nasal passage, triggering repeated sneezing fits. You might also notice pawing at the face or sudden discomfort. If the sneezing does not stop or worsens quickly, it is best to have a vet examine your cat for anything that is lodged in the nose.

Fungal or Bacterial Infections

When sneezing continues for weeks and becomes more severe, it might be due to a bacterial or fungal infection. These are less common than viral infections but tend to last longer and may require specific treatment. Symptoms like nosebleeds, facial swelling, or chronic discharge should never be ignored and need prompt diagnosis.

Other Less Common Causes

There are a few less frequent but more complex causes of cat sneezing that you should know. These conditions are not as commonly seen but may explain persistent or unexplained sneezing that does not improve over time.

• Nasal polyps or tumours: Growths within the nasal cavity can interfere with airflow and cause sneezing, snoring, or noisy breathing. These may be benign or malignant and often require diagnostic imaging to detect.
• Immune-mediated conditions: Some cats may develop immune system issues that cause chronic inflammation in the nasal passages, leading to frequent sneezing and nasal discharge.
• Congenital defects: Rare structural abnormalities in the nasal or sinus cavities can result in ongoing respiratory symptoms, including sneezing from a young age.
• Chronic rhinitis: In some cats, repeated infections or long-term irritation can cause lasting inflammation in the nose, making sneezing a regular occurrence even when no infection is present.

Symptoms to Watch Out For

• Persistent nasal discharge (clear, yellow, or green)
• Facial swelling
• Frequent sneezing fits
• Watery or swollen eyes
• Loss of appetite
• Noticeable drop in energy levels
• Noisy or laboured breathing
• Coughing or wheezing
• Bad breath or drooling
• Pawing at the nose or mouth

Home Care Tips to Prevent Sneezing in Cats

• Use an air purifier at home to help reduce dust, pollen, and other airborne irritants.
• Keep windows closed during high pollen seasons to prevent outdoor allergens from entering the home.
• Clean your cat’s bedding, litter area, and favourite spots regularly to limit exposure to allergens.
• Gently wipe your cat’s nose and eyes with a damp cloth if there’s mild discharge or dust buildup.
• Avoid using strong-smelling sprays, candles or perfumes near your cat’s space.

When to Visit the Vet

• Sneezing persists for more than a few days or becomes more frequent.
• Noticeable loss of appetite or significant weight change.
• Presence of thick or bloody nasal discharge.
• Laboured breathing, wheezing, or coughing alongside sneezing.
• Swelling around the face, nose, or eyes.

Being observant about changes in your cat’s behaviour or health can help you catch any issues early and get the right care when needed.

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