A Complete Guide to What Cats Should Eat

Feeding your feline the right cat food is crucial for keeping them healthy and happy. Cats have unique nutritional needs that are very different from those of humans or even dogs, and meeting those needs is essential for their long-term well-being. Many pet parents wonder, “What are cats allowed to eat?” Understanding this can make a real difference in your cat’s overall health. 

A proper cat diet not only supports the immune system but also supports energy levels and contributes to a shiny coat, strong muscles, and everyday vitality. Choosing the right food for your cat can sometimes feel overwhelming, but with a little knowledge and care, you can get what they need to thrive daily. 

Table of Contents

Understanding a Cat’s Natural Diet

Cats are obligate carnivores, which means their bodies are designed to live mainly on a meat diet. They rely heavily on animal-based proteins to get all the required nutrients, like taurine, which supports heart health and vision. 

When thinking about what cats should eat, it is important to remember that plant-based foods alone won’t meet their nutritional needs. Therefore, make meat an essential part of their daily diet, as it helps maintain muscle strength, energy levels, and improves overall well-being.

Essential Nutrients for Cats

Here are some of the vital nutrients that are required for a cat’s overall well-being.

Proteins and Amino Acids:

Protein is the core foundation of a cat’s diet. It supplies the building blocks needed for muscle repair, energy, and immune function. Certain amino acids, like arginine and taurine, are crucial for heart health and digestion and must be obtained through animal protein sources.

Vitamins and Minerals:

A balanced intake of vitamins and minerals ensures that your cat’s body systems work properly. These micronutrients are vital for everyday health and energy, from Vitamin A for vision to calcium and phosphorus for strong bones and teeth. 

Fats and Fatty Acids:

Fats provide cats with concentrated energy and support healthy skin, a glossy coat, and brain development. Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids are especially important, helping to reduce inflammation and boost overall well-being.

Water: The Overlooked Necessity

Water is often forgotten, but it is just as important as food. Cats have a naturally low thirst drive, so wet food or encouraging regular drinking is key to keeping their kidneys healthy and preventing urinary issues. 

Types of Cat Food

There are multiple types of cat food, and each has its advantages and considerations. To choose suitable food for your feline, it is crucial to assess the cat’s individual health needs, lifestyle, and preferences. Here are some common types of cat food options available, and understanding them can help you make an informed decision. 

• Dry Food: Also known as kibble, it is a popular choice among cat owners due to its convenience and cost-effectiveness. It has a longer shelf life and does not require refrigeration, making it easy to store and serve. 
  Kibble also helps in reducing plaque buildup on your cat’s teeth due to its crunchy texture. However, it is essential to ensure your cat stays hydrated, as dry food contains less moisture compared to other options.
  You can explore a wide range of Whiskas dry food options on the HUFT website or app to find the perfect meal tailored to your cat’s needs.

• Wet Food: Wet food comes in cans or pouches and has higher moisture content, which aids in hydration, especially important for cats that naturally drink very little water. It is typically more aromatic and flavourful, making it a great choice for fussy eaters or cats recovering from an illness. The soft texture is easier to chew, which benefits senior cats or those with dental sensitivities. 
  Wet food also tends to mimic a cat’s natural prey-based diet more closely, providing a satisfying and nourishing mealtime experience. Plus, most of the formulas come in single-serve portions, which ensures freshness and easy feeding. 

Explore the Meowsi wet food range on the HUFT website or app to discover flavour-packed, nutritious meals your cat will love, tailored for every taste and life stage.

• Raw Diets : A raw diet for cats typically includes uncooked meat, bones, and organs. Proponents believe it mimics a cat's natural diet in the wild and can lead to improved coat condition and energy levels.
  However, raw diets can pose risks such as bacterial contamination and nutritional imbalances if not properly formulated. It is crucial to consult with a veterinarian before transitioning your cat to a raw diet to ensure it is safe and balanced.

Choosing the Right Food for Your Cat

“What can a cat eat?” is the common questions every first cat parent think about. To provide insights, a cat’s nutritional needs change quite a bit depending on their age, health, and even breed. Picking the right food is not just about flavour, it is about giving them the support they need at every stage of life. Here are some things that you need to keep in mind while choosing the cat food.

• Kittens, Adults & Senior Cats Have Different Needs

Young kittens need food packed with protein and calories to fuel their appetite and growth. Adult cats benefit from a balanced mix of nutrients to keep them healthy and active. Whereas older cats may need fewer calories, but more support for joints and immunity.

• Considering Breed-Specific Preferences

While most cats share similar needs, some breeds like Maine Coons or Persians need cat food that supports their coats, digestions, and jaw shapes. Understanding breed-specific recipes can help you meet these subtle yet important differences. 

• Special Diets for Special Needs

Some cats may need food that helps manage weight, supports kidney health, or eases a sensitive stomach. There are specially formulated meal options for each of these issues that offer the best nutrition without compromising the taste.

Foods Cats Should Avoid

Not everything we enjoy is safe for our feline friends. Some human foods can be harmful or even dangerous for cats. Here is what you should always keep away from their bowl:

• Chocolate: It contains theobromine and caffeine, both toxic to cats and can cause serious health issues, like vomiting, increased heart rate, diarrhoea, and even seizures. 

• Grapes and Raisins: These can lead to kidney failure in cats, even if only a few are eaten.

• Onions and Garlic: Even small amounts, whether raw, cooked, or powdered, can damage a cat’s red blood cells and cause anaemia.

• Bones and Fat Trimmings: Cooked bones can splinter and cause choking or internal injuries, while fat trimmings can lead to digestive issues. 

• Alcohol: Even a small sip can be extremely dangerous, leading to serious organ damage.

• Caffeine: Found in coffee, tea, and some energy drinks, caffeine can cause heart palpitations, muscle tremors, and other health problems.

• Dairy Products: Many cats are lactose intolerant, and consuming milk or cheese can cause stomach upset, diarrhoea, and discomfort.

• Raw Eggs, Meat, and Fish: Raw foods can carry bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli, posing a risk of food poisoning. Raw egg whites can also interfere with a cat’s ability to absorb certain vitamins.

• Dog Food: Not meant for cats, as it lacks essential nutrients like taurine, which is critical for their heart and vision health.

• Artificial Sweeteners (like Xylitol): Often found in sugar-free products, xylitol can cause a dangerous drop in blood sugar and even liver failure in cats.

How Much and How Often to Feed Cats

Feeding your cat the right amount is just as important as choosing the right food. Overfeeding can lead to weight gain, while underfeeding can cause nutrient deficiencies. Always follow the feeding instructions on the packaging and adjust based on your cat’s size, age, activity level, and health.

Frequency Based on Age and Health

• Kittens need small, frequent meals 3–5 times a day.

• Adult cats usually take 2 meals a day.

• Senior cats do well with 2 meals a day, but those with health issues may need special feeding plans advised by your vet.

Signs of a Healthy Diet

• Shiny coat

• Healthy weight

• Firm, consistent stools

• Steady energy levels

• Normal appetite

• Fresh breath

• Regular grooming behaviour

• Good digestion

• Clear, bright eyes

• Alertness and curiosity

When to Consult a Vet About Diet

• Your cat suddenly eats less or shows no interest in food.

• Your cat refuses food that they usually enjoy.

• You notice unexpected weight gain or loss.

• Your cat starts scratching excessively or develops skin issues.

• There are frequent bouts of vomiting or diarrhoea.

• Your cat becomes unusually lethargic or less active.

• You see changes in stool consistency or litter box habits.

• Bad breath that does not improve with diet changes.

A balanced, species-appropriate diet plays a major role in your cat’s long-term health, from maintaining a shiny coat and healthy weight to supporting energy and immune function. What you choose to feed does matter.

So, take a little time to explore their nutritional needs and make choices that support their lifestyle. From complete meals to healthy cat treats, you will find thoughtful, vet-approved options at Heads Up For Tails - designed to keep your cat both nourished and content. After all, when they are happy, so are you!