Pomeranian Dog Breed Guide: Temperament, Care & Training Tips

Tiny, fluffy, and full of personality - that’s the Pomeranian for you! Often called “Poms,” these pint-sized pups pack more charm and confidence than dogs twice their size. Despite their small stature, they have brave hearts, big personalities, and endless love to give.

If you’re considering bringing home a Pomeranian or already have one, here’s everything you need to know about this adorable breed, from their temperament and grooming needs to training and nutrition.

Origin and History of the Pomeranian Dog Breed

The Pomeranian originated in the region of Pomerania (present-day northern Poland and Germany). They descended from large Arctic sled dogs - yes, those mighty, fluffy working dogs! Over centuries, breeders selectively bred smaller versions for companionship.

Queen Victoria fell in love with them in the 19th century and helped popularise the breed across Europe. Her love for these little fluffballs transformed the Pomeranian into the tiny lapdog we adore today.

Appearance and Size of the Pomeranian Dog Breed

Pomeranians may be small, but they’re hard to miss.

• Height: 7-12 inches

• Weight: 1.8-3.5 kg 

• Coat: Double coat, soft, dense undercoat with a long, fluffy outer coat

• Colours: Found in a wide variety of shades, including orange, cream, black, white, tan, brown, grey, blue, red, and chocolate

• Tail: Plumed and carried high over the back

Pomeranian Temperament and Personality

Pomeranians are affectionate, intelligent, and sometimes a little sassy. They thrive on attention and love, being the centre of your world. Don’t be fooled by their tiny size - Poms have a bold and confident spirit that makes them think they’re much larger than they really are (pun intended).

Key Traits

• Social: They love being around people and can bond deeply with their families.

• Alert: Naturally curious and vigilant, Poms make excellent little watchdogs.

• Playful: They’re always ready for a game of fetch or a cuddle session.

• Independent: Pomeranians like their space and may show a bit of attitude when things don’t go their way!

Early socialisation helps them adjust better to strangers, children, and other pets. They’re best suited to families who can give them plenty of love and attention without overwhelming them.

Grooming and Coat Care of a Pomeranian Dog Breed

That glorious coat needs a little TLC to stay beautiful and healthy. Daily brushing keeps tangles at bay and reduces shedding. You can use a soft slicker HUFT brush and comb gently through the fur, especially around the chest, behind the ears, and under the legs.

• Bathing: Once every 3 to 4 weeks with a mild, dog-safe shampoo.

• Trimming: Regular trims around the paws and sanitary areas help maintain hygiene.

• Dental Care: Small breeds like Poms are prone to dental issues, so brushing their teeth 3 to 4 times a week is a must.

If you want a professional grooming experience, you can book a HUFT Spa session with us. Our trained groomers are skilled in handling all dog breeds,  from the tiniest toy breeds to large, double-coated ones.

Our expert groomers understand each coat type, temperament, and grooming need, ensuring your pet feels comfortable, safe, and pampered throughout the session. With gentle care and expert techniques, we make every grooming visit a relaxing and refreshing experience for your furry friend.

Exercise and Activity Needs

Pomeranians may be small, but they’re energetic and playful. A 30 to 45-minute walk and a few indoor play sessions daily are enough to keep them happy. Avoid over-exertion, especially in hot weather, as their thick coats can make them prone to overheating.

Fun ideas include:

• Fetch with soft toys

• Puzzle games that challenge their intelligence

• Light agility training for mental stimulation

These activities help prevent boredom and keep their tiny muscles strong.

Training Tips for Pomeranians

Pomeranians are smart and quick learners, but they can also be stubborn at times. Consistency, patience, and positive reinforcement go a long way. Use small treats, praise, and gentle repetition during training.

Start house training early, as their tiny size means more frequent bathroom breaks. Gradually introduce basic commands like “sit,” “stay,” and “come,” and make socialisation a regular part of their routine to help them grow into confident, friendly dogs.

Pro Tip: Avoid harsh corrections; all the dogs learn best when they’re motivated, not scared! 

What to Feed a Pomeranian Dog Breed

Feeding a Pomeranian the right way is key to keeping this energetic little breed healthy and happy. Since Pomeranians are prone to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), it’s essential to feed them a high-quality, nutrient-rich dog food that supports their small size and fast metabolism. Look for food that meets AAFCO standards, ensuring balanced nutrition with the right amount of protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

Consult your veterinarian to choose a diet that suits your Pom’s age, weight, and activity level. Always match their food to their life stage:

• Puppy food for Poms under 1 year to support growth and development

• Adult food for dogs between 1–8 years to maintain strength and energy

• Senior food for older dogs to support joint health and immunity

You can also explore small-breed or breed-specific formulas, which offer the right kibble size and tailored nutrition to suit your Pom’s needs. 

Options like Hearty (Puppy & Adult Version) and Sara’s Wholesome by Heads Up For Tails are great choices - both crafted with real, high-quality ingredients and available in delicious variants suited for small and large dogs. They provide balanced nutrition while being gentle on your Pom’s tummy, helping them stay active, healthy, and full of life every day.

Common Health Problems in Pomeranians

Like many small dog breeds, Pomeranians are generally healthy but can be prone to a few breed-specific issues. Knowing the common health problems early helps ensure your Pom leads a long, happy, and healthy life.

• Alopecia (Coat Loss)

Also known as “Black Skin Disease,” this condition causes thinning or loss of fur, often starting at the back and tail. It’s more cosmetic than painful, but it can be linked to hormonal imbalances or genetics. A vet may recommend medicated shampoos, supplements, or dietary changes to improve coat health.

• Dry Eye (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca)

Pomeranians can develop dry eyes when their tear glands don’t produce enough moisture. This can lead to irritation, redness, or even corneal damage if untreated. Regular eye drops or prescribed lubricants can help manage the condition and keep your Pom’s eyes clear and comfortable.

• Hypoglycemia

Low blood sugar is common in small breeds, especially puppies. Symptoms include weakness, trembling, or sudden lethargy. Feeding small, frequent meals and keeping treats handy can help stabilise their energy levels. Immediate vet attention is needed during a hypoglycaemic episode.

• Distichiasis

This occurs when extra eyelashes grow in unusual places on the eyelid, irritating the eye. Your Pom may blink excessively or rub their face. Depending on severity, vets may remove the lashes or suggest minor surgery to prevent corneal injury.

• Collapsing Trachea

A common issue in toy breeds, this condition causes the trachea (windpipe) to weaken, leading to coughing or difficulty breathing — often described as a “goose honk” sound. Managing weight, avoiding pulling on the collar, and using a harness instead can help reduce strain on the throat.

• Hip Dysplasia
  

Though more common in larger dogs, some Poms can inherit this joint issue, leading to discomfort and mobility challenges. Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and joint supplements can help manage symptoms and support better movement.

• Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

This rare condition affects the blood supply to the femur, causing joint pain or limping in young Pomeranians. Early diagnosis and, in some cases, surgery can help restore normal mobility and reduce pain.

• Patellar Luxation

A common issue in small dogs, this occurs when the kneecap slips out of place, causing intermittent lameness or hopping. Mild cases can be managed with physiotherapy and supplements, while severe ones might require surgery for long-term comfort.

Small in size but huge in personality - Pomeranians are the heart-stealers of the dog world. With proper care, training, and attention, they’ll fill your life with joy, laughter, and endless affection.

To make their care easier, explore Heads Up For Tails for essentials like grooming products, nutritious meals, comfy beds, and playful toys, everything you need under one roof. 

Because when it comes to love, Poms give it all - and they deserve nothing less in return! 

Frequently Asked Questions

Are Pomeranians good family dogs?

Yes, Pomeranians make wonderful family companions. They’re affectionate, playful, and bond deeply with their humans. However, because of their small size, they’re best suited to families with older children who understand how to handle them gently.

Do Pomeranians bark a lot?

Pomeranians are naturally alert and tend to bark when they see or hear something unusual. With consistent training and socialisation, you can teach them to bark less and stay calm around everyday noises.

How often should I bathe my Pomeranian?

Once every three to four weeks is ideal. Bathing too frequently can strip their skin of natural oils. Always use a gentle, moisturising dog shampoo that’s suitable for sensitive skin and helps reduce tangling.

Do Pomeranians get along with other pets?

With proper and early socialisation, yes! Poms can coexist peacefully with other dogs and even cats. However, they may act bossy or territorial at first and early introductions and calm supervision help them adjust better.

Are Pomeranians suitable for apartment living?

Absolutely! They’re one of the best breeds for apartments. Their small size and moderate exercise needs make them easy to manage indoors as long as they get daily playtime and attention.